ASTM B111/B111M - Standard Specification for Copper and Copper-Alloy Seamless Condenser Tubes and Ferrule Stock

 1. Scope  

- Covers seamless copper and copper-alloy tubes for condensers, heat exchangers, and ferrule stock.  

- Includes tubes made from UNS alloys: C10200, C10300, C10800, C12000, C12200, C14200, C19200, C23000, C28000, C44300, C44400, C44500, C60800, C61400, C68700, C70400, C70600, C70620, C71000, C71500, C71520, C71640, and C72200.  

- Available in metric (B111M) or inch-pound (B111) units.  

 2. Ordering Information  

Orders must specify:  

l - ASTM standard designation (B111 or B111M).  

l - Alloy UNS number.  

l - Temper (e.g., annealed, as-drawn).  

l - Dimensions (OD, wall thickness, length).  

l - Quantity (total length or number of pieces).  

l - End finish (e.g., plain, beveled).  

l - Certification or test report requirements (if needed).  

l - Special packaging (if required).  

 3. Material Codes (UNS Alloys)  

Common alloys include:  

- Oxygen-free copper: C10200, C10800.  

- Phosphorus-deoxidized copper: C12000, C12200.  

- Admiralty brass: C44300, C44400, C44500.  

- Aluminum brass: C68700.  

- Cu-Ni alloys (90-10, 70-30): C70600, C71500.  

 4. Chemical Composition  

- Strict limits on copper, zinc, nickel, iron, lead, and other elements depending on the alloy.  

- Compliance with ASTM E478 or other approved test methods.  

 5. Mechanical Properties  

- Tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation requirements vary by alloy and temper (e.g., annealed vs. as-drawn).  

- Examples:  

  - C12200 (annealed): Tensile strength ≥ 220 MPa (32 ksi), elongation ≥ 40%.  

  - C71500 (as-drawn): Tensile strength ≥ 485 MPa (70 ksi), elongation ≥ 15%.  

 6. Inspection and Testing Requirements  

- Hydrostatic or nondestructive (NDT) testing: Each tube must be tested for leaks.  

- Flattening test: For annealed tubes (sample must not crack or split).  

- Flaring test: For certain alloys/tempers.  

- Grain size test: For annealed copper tubes (ASTM E112).  

- Certification: Manufacturer must provide test results certifying compliance.  

 7. Dimensional Tolerances  

- Outside diameter: ±0.1 mm (metric) or ±0.005 in (inch-pound).  

- Wall thickness: ±10% of nominal thickness.  

- Length: ±3 mm for cut lengths.  

 8. Surface Finish  

- Tubes must be free of scale, cracks, and defects.  

- Minor imperfections allowed if within dimensional tolerances.  

 9. Certification & Marking  

- Each tube must be marked with:  

  - Manufacturer’s name or trademark.  

  - Alloy designation.  

  - Temper.  

  - ASTM standard (B111/B111M).  

- Certified test reports available upon request.  

 10. Keywords  

- Copper alloy tubes, condenser tubes, seamless tubes, ferrule stock, heat exchangers, UNS alloys.  

Popular Material Codes Available

 1. Pure and Low-Alloyed Copper  

- C10200 (Oxygen-Free Copper, OF)  

- C10300 (Oxygen-Free Copper, Extra Low Phosphorus)  

- C10800 (Oxygen-Free Copper with Silver)  

- C12000 (Phosphorus-Deoxidized Copper, DHP)  

- C12200 (Phosphorus-Deoxidized Copper, DHP, with higher phosphorus)  

- C14200 (Arsenic-Bearing Phosphorized Copper)  

 2. Brasses (Copper-Zinc Alloys)  

- C19200 (Copper-Iron-Phosphorus alloy)  

- C23000 (Red Brass, 85% Cu)  

- C28000 (Muntz Metal, 60% Cu)  

- C44300 (Admiralty Brass, with 1% Sn + As/Sb)  

- C44400 (Admiralty Brass, with 1% Sn + P)  

- C44500 (Admiralty Brass, with 1% Sn + As)  

 3. Aluminum Brasses  

- C68700 (Arsenical Aluminum Brass)  

 4. Copper-Nickel Alloys  

- C60800 (Aluminum Bronze)  

- C61400 (Aluminum Bronze, with higher Fe)  

- C70400 (Copper-Nickel 5% Fe-Mn)  

- C70600 (Cu-Ni 90-10, Iron-Manganese modified)  

- C70620 (Cu-Ni 90-10, Enhanced Corrosion Resistance)  

- C71000 (Cu-Ni 80-20)  

- C71500 (Cu-Ni 70-30)  

- C71520 (Cu-Ni 70-30, Enhanced Corrosion Resistance)  

- C71640 (Cu-Ni 66-30-2-2, with Fe & Mn)  

- C72200 (Cu-Ni with Chromium)  

 Key Notes:  

- UNS (Unified Numbering System) codes are used for standardized alloy identification.  

- Some alloys (e.g., C44300, C68700, C71500) are commonly used in marine and power plant condensers due to corrosion resistance.  

- Temper (e.g., annealed, as-drawn) affects mechanical properties and must be specified in orders.  

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